Automotive EMC & Electrical Performance

As the automotive industry rapidly accelerates towards electrification, intelligence, and connectivity, Automotive EMC and Electrical Performance Testing has become a core requirement for components to enter OEM supply chains. Whether meeting type approval requirements or passing the stringent corporate standards of OEMs like GAC, BYD, NIO, Tesla, Toyota, Rivian, suppliers must establish comprehensive testing capabilities covering EMI (Electromagnetic Interference), EMS (Electromagnetic Susceptibility), and Electrical Performance.

This article systematically reviews current mainstream standard systems, test items, and niche capabilities, and recommends SRC-TEST, a testing service platform with differentiated testing resources, to help enterprises efficiently comply and enter OEM supply chains.

 

I. Core Standard Systems

Automotive EMC testing is based on international, national, and industry standards, primarily including:

  • International  Standards: CISPR25, ISO11452-2, ISO11452-4, ISO11452-8, ISO11452-9, ISO 7637-2, ISO7637-3, ISO10605, ISO16750-2

  • National  Standards (China): GB/T 18655, GB/T 21437.2, GB/T 33014.2, GB/T 33014.4, GB 34660, GB/T 28046.2,  GB/T 19951

  • EU &  Certification Standards: ECE R10.06, ECE R10.07, EN 50498, EN 15194

  • OEM  Extended Standards: GAC (QJGAC), Chery (Q/SQR), BYD (Q/BYDQ), NIO (NIO-TP), Tesla  (TS-0000048), Toyota (TSC), Rivian (RTS.3653), etc.

 

II. Complete Test Items & Niche Capabilities

(I) EMI Testing

Test    Item

Applicable    Standard(s)

Niche    / Advanced Capability

Radiated   Emission - ALSE Method

CISPR   25 / GB/T 18655

1m/3m/5m   methods, supports HV components

Conducted   Emission - Voltage Method

CISPR   25 / GB/T 18655

Supports   48V / 400V / 800V systems

Conducted   Emission - Current Probe Method

CISPR   25 / GB/T 18655

High-bandwidth   probe, suitable for complex wiring harnesses

Transient   Conducted Emission

ISO   7637-2 / GB/T 21437.2

Supports   E-switch / M-switch

HV   Component Conducted Emission

OEM   Extended Standards

Suitable   for new energy vehicle (NEV) battery, e-drive, e-control systems

Vehicle   Antenna Port Noise Measurement

Toyota   TSC

Rare   industry capability

Near-field   Magnetic/Electric Field Radiation

Rivian   / Tesla

11~9   test points, tri-directional antennas

 

(II) EMS Testing

Test    Item

Applicable    Standard(s)

Niche    / Advanced Capability

Radiated   Immunity - Anechoic Chamber Method

ISO   11452-2 / GB/T 33014.2

80MHz   ~ 6GHz, up to 30V/m

Bulk   Current Injection (BCI)

ISO   11452-4

4kHz ~   400MHz, 200mA, 150/750mm harness spacing

Magnetic   Field Immunity (MFI)

ISO   11452-8

DC ~   300kHz, up to 1000A/m

Portable   Transmitter Immunity (PTI)

ISO   11452-9

Multiple   frequency points from 26MHz ~ 6GHz

Power   Line Transient Conducted Immunity

ISO   7637-2

Pulses   1 ~ 5b

Non-Power   Line Transient Coupling Immunity

ISO   7637-3

CCC /   ICC / DCC methods

Electrostatic   Discharge (ESD) Immunity

ISO   10605 / GB/T 19951

Powered/Unpowered/Remote   I/O

Radar   Pulse Immunity

Toyota   / BYD

Millimeter-wave   radar frequency band

Wireless   Device Antenna Proximity Test

Toyota   TSC

Real-vehicle   antenna coupling

Reverberation   Chamber Method

BYD /   GB/T 33014.11

Testing   of large volume samples

Micro-gap   Discharge Test

Toyota   TSC

Advanced   ESD test item


(III) Electrical Performance Testing

Test    Item

Applicable    Standard(s)

Niche    / Advanced Capability

DC   Supply Voltage / Overvoltage / Reverse Voltage

GB/T   28046.2 / ISO 16750-2

12V /   24V systems

Insulation   Resistance / Dielectric Strength

GB/T   28046.2

Specific   to HV components

Open   Circuit / Short Circuit Protection

ISO   16750-2

Multi-channel   parallel testing

Superimposed   AC Voltage / Voltage Ripple Immunity

Rivian   / GB/T 28046.2

Simulates   real-world power supply ripple

Surge   / Electrical Fast Transient (EFT) (on HV ports)

SANY /   BYD

For   NEV high-voltage systems

HV-LV   Coupling Attenuation Measurement

NIO /   SANY

Rare   capability for HV-LV mutual coupling

 

III. OEM Standard Mapping Overview

OEM

Typical    Test Items

Special    Requirements

GAC

RE,   CE, CTE, RI, BCI, MFI, PTI, ESD

Human   EMF Protection

Chery

RF   Conducted/Radiated Emission, BCI, RI

20MHz-80MHz,   120V/m

BYD

Reverberation   Chamber Method, Radiated Immunity

Radar   Wave, ICC/CCC Coupling

NIO

HV/LV   Conducted Emission, Coupling

48V/400V/800V   systems, Sensor line coupling

Tesla

AN   Method, ALSE Method, BTI

Near-field   coupling, TOL (ICC/CCC)

Rivian

Near-field   Magnetic/Electric Field, Insulation Resistance

Parasitic   current, Multi-power/Ground

Toyota   TSC

Current/Voltage   Probe Method, Stripline Method

Antenna terminal noise, Micro-gap discharge

 

To enter the supply chains of these OEMs, suppliers must cover all test items listed in their standards, especially niche capabilities such as HV component testing, coupling tests, human EMF protection, and near-field coupling.

IV. Human EMF Exposure Testing – An Emerging Critical Capability

With the widespread adoption of new energy vehicles, Human EMF Exposure Testing has become a key focus area for OEMs. Applicable standards include:

  • GB 8702, ICNIRP 2020

  • IEC 62311, EN 50665

  • NIO EH 510 / HP 710, GAC EMF requirements

Test parameters cover:

  • Electric Field Strength / Magnetic Field      Strength / Magnetic Flux Density / Power Density

  • Low-frequency Magnetic Field Emission (RE02)

  • 6cm / 60cm Loop Antenna Method (Toyota)

SRC-TEST has established a complete EMF testing capability and is one of the few laboratories in China capable of covering both standard EMF requirements + OEM extended requirements.

 

V. Why Choose SRC-TEST?

As a leading domestic service platform for Automotive EMC and Electrical Performance Testing, SRC-TEST provides one-stop testing solutions covering mainstream OEM standards.

Platform Advantages

  • Comprehensive Testing Capabilities
         Includes Radiated Emission (ALSE method), Conducted Emission      (Voltage/Current methods), Transient Emission, BCI, RI, MFI, PTI, ESD,      Electrical Performance (ISO 16750-2), plus niche items such as HV      component testing, HV-LV coupling, EMF, near-field coupling, antenna port      noise, and radar pulse immunity.

  • High-Standard Chambers & Equipment
         Chamber background noise meets CISPR 25 Class 5, frequency range 9kHz ~      18GHz, supports DC 2000V/400A power supply simulation, compatible with 48V      / 400V / 800V systems.

Full Coverage of OEM Standards